The Annotated Bibliography of Engineering Profession Research Paper

Talk about any controversial topic in the Engineering profession.

1). Write an annotated bibliography

2). Write a problem/solution essay with 1000-1250 words.

3). essay should have 8 or more citations (50% should be scholarly)

The Annotated Bibliography

Prompt: To prepare for the final research essay, gather 8-10 sources (at least 50% scholarly) on a controversial issue in the profession of your choice. Read and summarise each source following the instructions and example below.

Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to learn important concepts and tools associated with academic research and to prepare you for the problem/solution essay, which requires you to use multiple sources. The two main course objectives addressed are:

• Course Objective #1: conducting advanced primary and secondary research
• Course Objective #4: evaluating, analysing, and responding to arguments

This assignment is also the first step in:

• Course objective #3: marshalling evidence
• Course objective #9: engaging multiple perspectives

An annotated bibliography is a list of sources with notes about the source, including how you plan to use the source for your essay. Before you begin writing the problem/solution essay, you need to “do your homework” and find out about the topic (this is part of establishing ethos, or credibility).

The annotated bibliography gives you the structure and tools for doing that research and organising it so that you are prepared to write the essay.

You will also harness some of the skills of the previous assignments, but the major difference here is that you will now be engaging more with the content or argument of the source in hopes to marshal that evidence for your own argument in the next assignment in several ways:

(1) establishing the nature and extent of the problem you’ve identified, (2) providing support for your solution, and/or (3) allowing you to understand and address any alternative points of view.

Skills & Knowledge:

• Understand the purpose and components of an annotated bibliography.
• Familiarise yourself with the library, Galileo, and other research tools.
• Distinguish between scholarly and non-scholarly sources.
• Apply knowledge of rhetorical situations to analyse arguments.
• Evaluate sources for credibility.
• Learn the difference between primary and secondary sources.
• Identify the differences among summarising, paraphrasing, and integrating quotations and practice those skills in your writing.
• Practice applying MLA style and formatting.
• Learn the difference between paragraph indents and hanging indents.
• Use your word-processing software to create hanging indents (which are necessary for both annotated bibliographies and Works Cited lists).

Tasks

• Review and familiarise yourself with the relevant terms in the readings.
• Attend class to see examples and practice.
• Gather sources during library workshops (and outside of class as needed).
• Read and take notes on each source. Identify the author’s thesis and main points.
• Write a draft of the bibliography.
• Conduct peer review.
• Revise bibliography based on feedback from peers.
• Submit final bibliography.

Helpful Resources:

• From Chapter 5 of Contribute a Verse,“Summarising, paraphrasing, quoting” and “Avoiding plagiarism,” pp. 88-104.
• The OWL at Purdue for MLA citation (https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/purdue_owl.html).
• YouTube video for how to do hanging idents in Word and Google Docs: https://youtu.be/zWuH67SwODQ.

Criteria for Success:

The annotated bibliography will be graded primarily on the quality of the sources you chose for your topic, the clarity and accuracy of the summaries, the accuracy of the integrated quotations, and the formatting.

In terms of general requirements, please note the following:

• You must have 8-10 sources.
• At least 50% of the sources must be scholarly (peer-reviewed and academic).
• The other 50% can be non-scholarly sources. They must still be credible, but they do not have to be scholarly per se. For example, newspaper articles, trustworthy web sites, government documents, and trade journals are not scholarly, but they can be credible. Trade journals and professional web sites will be very useful for this assignment.
• Two of the sources must be from points of view other than your own.
• Divide the sources into two sections: Scholarly and Non-Scholarly. Within each section, put the sources in ABC order.
• Use MLA style: heading, title, Times New Roman, 12-point font, 1-inch margins. The only difference is that you generally do not double-space annotated bibliographies.
• After EACH citation, write an annotation, which will include the following: the name of the author and his/her credentials, a summary of the author’s main ideas with one quotation embedded, a description of how you will use this source for your paper.
• In the summary, weave in one quotation to practice embedding quotations.
• DO NOT copy and paste article abstracts from the online databases.
• DO NOT use primarily direct quotations. Use only one or two. The bulk of the text should be your writing as part of the point here is to practice how to summarise and paraphrase.

See the next page for an example of how to format this document and what to include.

Annotated Bibliography for “Daisy Girl: Guilt or Guilt by Association” Comment by GSC: Title of assignment, which includes the student’s essay title. Student has put the items in alphabetical order: “Benham” comes before “Cummings.”

Section 1: Scholarly Sources

Benham, Thomas W. “Polling for a Presidential Candidate: Some Observations on the 1964 Campaign.” Public Opinion Quarterly, vol. 29, no. 2, 1965, pp. 185-199.

JSTOR. EBSCOhost, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2747054, Accessed 3 Feb. 2007. Comment by GSC: Source information from a scholarly article formatted accurately in MLA style. Notice the hanging indent.

Comment by Diana Young: Please note that generally for articles from a subscription database (such as those found on Galileo) this spot in the citation should be the DOI number. In this case, there was no DOI provided, so according to MLA 8th edition, provide the URL instead. Comment by Diana Young: Note: date of access is now optional.

The Vice President of the Opinion Research Corporation (ORC), Benham presents ORC opinion polls on voter perceptions of the two presidential candidates during the 1964 election. Only 17% of the poll takers perceived Goldwater as “warm and friendly,” strengthening the charge in Johnson’s “Daisy Girl” ad that the senator would attack civilians (185).

Also, 44% of poll takers believed that Goldwater’s victory would increase the likelihood of a nuclear war, showing that many perceived Goldwater’s foreign policies as belligerent.

Poll takers cited Goldwater’s worst quality as his “acting without thinking,” fearing that Goldwater’s off-the-cuff hyper boles would translate into impulsive decisions in the era of delicate, nuclear diplomacy (198).

This article will help bolster my claim that voter perception is far more important than factual evidence in the outcome of campaigns; this knowledge of a past campaign will help me make my case about the 2012 election between Romney and Obama where perception played a major role.

Comment by GSC: Student includes author information and credentials. Comment by GSC: Student summarises the main points of Benham’s article weaving in a couple of direct quotations from the article.

Comment by GSC: Student evaluates how he/she will use the article in the essay, avoiding vague generalities such as “I will use this article to support my stance.” All sources will do that. Be specific as to HOW.

[Note: there will be at least 3 more scholarly sources in this section for this assignment.]

Section 2: Non-Scholarly Sources

Cummings, Milton C., Jr. The National Election of 1964. Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1966.

An NBC news consultant for 15 years, Professor Cummings edits a volume of essays on diverse aspects of the 1964 election, including mass media coverage, the primary elections, and the political strategies of Johnson and Goldwater.

Cummings argues that Goldwater’s insistence on transferring nuclear weapons to the control of US military generals cemented the senator’s image as an irresponsible maverick in Cold War diplomacy. Reinforcing his belligerent stance, Goldwater rejected diplomacy with the USSR for a more confrontational approach.

Exploiting Goldwater’s unpopular “pro-war” image, Lyndon B. Johnson made speeches to position himself as the antithesis of Goldwater, supporting “measure[s]…that will bring the world closer to peace” (60). This article further demonstrates the role of the media and campaign strategies in election results.

Once again, the 2012 elections parallel what happened in 1964. While the previous article will help me discuss voter perception, this article will help me discuss the role of the media in the 2012 elections, which bears many similarities to the 1964 election in terms of amount of coverage and language used about each candidate.

Comment by GSC: This source has all the same features as the other, but I wanted to point out here that the student embedded a longer direct quotation into the summary. Notice how the student used square brackets to indicate the changes made to the word “measure,” which she/he did in order to keep the “flow” of the sentence as a whole.

The student also took out unnecessary information from the quotation without changing the meaning of the original. The student signals this omission through the use of ellipses (…). Comment by Diana Young: Notice that the writer is very specific about the role that this article will play in his/her paper. The writer also starts to connect ideas among the sources (while the previous article…).

[Note: there will be at least 3 more sources in this section for this assignment.]

Essay 3: Problem/Solution Essay

Prompt: Write an essay in which you describe a controversy in the profession of your choice and argue for a solution.

Audience: Although this is an academic essay, it is important that you understand that your audience is not the same as the person assessing the essay (me). For this essay, your audience consists of professionals in the career of your choice, the people you hope will one day be your peers.

You are not trying to convince me of anything but your ability to choose rhetorically effective strategies for communicating based on audience and purpose. The people you are trying to convince of the solution to the issue are people actually affected by (or otherwise connected to) the issue you chose to tackle.

Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is for you to express, supported by credible research, your knowledge of an important professional issue and to offer a solution to the problem.

This assignment builds on the knowledge that you have gained when doing the annotated bibliography. This essay is your opportunity to find your professional voice by integrating these skills into a sustained argument about an important issue in your chosen career path. Because this assignment brings together all the skills and knowledge we have been working on, it serves most of the course objectives. The major ones for this assignment, though, include the following:

• Course Objective #3: marshalling evidence to make a claim
• Course Objective #7: independently choosing rhetorical strategies to suit the purpose and audience
• Course Objective #9: engaging multiple perspectives

As with all writing, you need to display knowledge of linguistic structures (#2) and structuring your writing (#5). The process of peer review for this and all assignments also demonstrates #6, controlling your writing process through peer and teacher feedback and multiple revisions.

Skills & Knowledge:

• Synthesise your knowledge of the topic and the effective writing strategies that we have been discussing and practising.
• Create your own unique, logically sound, rhetorically effective argument.

Tasks:

• Much of what you need to prepare for this essay will be done in the research proposal and annotated bibliography. Your first task is to come to class and keep up with the assignments.
• Write the draft.
• Participate in all draft workshops.
• Revise and submit.

Helpful Resources:

• Virginia Kearney offers some really helpful advice on how to write and organise a problem/solution essay (and what issues to consider when offering solutions): https://owlcation.com/academia/How-to-Write-a-Propose-a-Solution-Essay

Criteria for Success:

Your essay will be assessed on all major components of effective writing, including the effectiveness (and accuracy) of the following:

the rhetorical strategies you chose for your purpose and audience, your integration of research into the argument, your response to arguments and counter-arguments, and your deployment of appropriate documentation practices (organisation, citation, formatting, grammar, etc.). In terms of length and formatting requirements, please note the following:

• 1,250-1,500 words (c. 5-6 pp.), not including the headers or Works Cited page, formatted in MLA style (8th edition).
• Clever, relevant title that identifies the topic of the essay.
• 8-10 sources (at least 50% scholarly).
• An introduction that provides a relevant hook that draws the reader in to the essay, a brief description of the controversy, and a thesis statement that provides the writer’s argument.
• Coherent, well-developed body paragraphs that describe the problem and all its major facets, including any necessary definition of terms.
• Coherent, well-developed body paragraphs that describe the various solutions with some sense of the positives and negatives of each of these options.
• Coherent, well-developed body paragraphs that describe the writer’s solution to the problem while also addressing any counter-arguments that might arise.
• Fluid integration of secondary sources throughout the essay with a balance of summary, paraphrase, and integrated quotations.
• No evidence of intentional or unintentional plagiarism.
• A Works Cited page, in-text citations, and proper documentation practices throughout.

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